This course explores the behavior of chromosomes, nucleus and cytoplasm in mitotic and meiotic cell division and their importance for stability and variation in species. It is also designed to explain mechanisms of asexual reproduction in plants and other organisms, describes methods used for vegetative propagation and explains the use of tissue culture and tissue culture techniques.   This course further examines sexual in plants and animals. It details sexual reproduction in flowering plants including; insect pollination, cross-pollination and self-pollination.  In addition, it explains the sexual reproduction in humans including; anatomy, hormones, contraceptive methods, and the role nutrition plays on the developing fetus.